What genetic factors and environmental factors are associated with dental caries?

Dental caries affects 90% of US adults and is more severe in underserved populations. Caries is caused by a complex biofilm and severity is influenced by dietary intake of sugars. Recent studies have identified caries-susceptibility alleles, some of which may be modified by fluoride use. However, more studies are needed in diverse populations. Understanding genetic factors influencing dental caries may improve caries prevention and treatment.