The goal would be to examine how body fat, pre-pregnancy, and activity levels before and during pregnancy were related to pregnancy outcomes (e.g., miscarriage, full-term, low birthweight, etc.) in athletes with a normal or high BMI and normal ovulatory function; prior studies focus solely on BMI, which is often an inaccurate measure for athletes. All of Us should collect data on body fat preconception, physical activity... more »

Gestational diabetes prevalence is higher among Asian Indians, Filipinos, Southeast Asians, and Chinese compared to White, Black, and Hispanic parturients despite the absence of preconceptional obesity. Dissecting the etiology of elevated GDM risk in these Asian-American subgroups, and evaluating effective interventions (other than weight management) to prevent GDM and reduce future risk of type 2 diabetes are urgently... more »

Enroll sufficient numbers of pregnant women and their offspring to study the causes of pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, preterm birth, still birth, intrauterine growth restriction. Target high-risk pregnancies such as obesity, preexisting diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Follow up long term effect and study genetic contributions in a family-based approach. Obtain maternal samples and placentas for possible... more »

Survey pregnant women and their health professionals to determine levels of awareness about smoking, e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement products, and alcohol consumption. Determine when/if information is provided to pregnant women, evaluate the accuracy of the information, and assess its effectiveness. Cotinine measurements could be used as a surrogate for nicotine consumption. Alcohol use could be assessed by surveys... more »

Tens of millions of Americans are effected by autoimmune diseases, a majority of which are women. Biopharmaceuticals are prescribed even during pregnancy. It is assumed maternal health is monitored closely as it fetal health, however, what are the long term effects on the child's health and how do biopharmaceuticals effect those children's long term disease risk profiles.

Preterm delivery is a serious problem. SLE and RA patients have increased pregnancy morbidity before diagnosis and their healthy sisters have increased rates of pregnancy complications. Therefore, pre-clinical autoimmunity or inflammation may affect pregnancy outcomes. Reproductive and family history, and rheumatic disease symptoms, would be collected and correlated with hsCRP levels and autoantibody production in a... more »

Enroll sufficient numbers of pregnant women and offspring to study the genetic and non-genetic factors that contribute to human structural and functional defects and developmental disorders. Recruitment of sufficient pregnancies and pediatric cohorts is important to investigate the cause of birth defects and their long-term effects. A family-based approach will be effective in dissecting the genetic or nongenetic components... more »

Obesity and breast cancer are leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Evidence strongly suggests that certain periods of life, including those during fetal development and pregnancy, influence risk of breast cancer later in life. Environmental chemicals may increase breast cancer risk-especially during pregnancy-by mimicking estrogen and other hormones. Epigenomic signatures present in the placenta uniquely capture... more »

Follow women with pregnancy loss and screen for anxiety and depression during and after (each) pregnancy. Have a control group that has not experienced pregnancy loss and screen for anxiety and depression during and after (each) pregnancy. I would use separate instruments to screen for anxiety and depression.

Severe maternal morbidities are rare, but increasing in the U.S., and the causes and long-term consequences are poorly understood. All of Us would provide a study population with enough participants, detail, and follow-up time to thoroughly investigate how complications during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum affect future health in women and their children to inform prevention of negative outcomes, such as cardiovascular... more »

Given the limited effects of current interventions to prevent preterm birth, it seems likely that the stage for adverse pregnancy outcomes is set even before the pregnancy begins. The All of Us cohort, if sufficient reproductive-aged women are enrolled, would be in a position to examine social, behavioral, medical, and biological/molecular predictors of preterm birth and its subtypes.

Mood disorder in pregnant and postpartum women is common, often severe, but frequently undiagnosed and untreated, and largely understudied. I propose to augment the AllofUs protocol for research into PPMD by adding collection of biospecimens for OMIC measurements at fixed times relative to pregnancy, and also when triggered by alerts of critical clinical mood state shifts as informed by wearable technology or computerized... more »

This study will focus on women who are pregnant at enrollment or become pregnant during the study and the offspring of observed pregnancies. The information will help to define genetic and epigenetic predictors of long-term effects of common pregnancy complications.

This study will focus on the entire cohort across the reproductive lifespan (ages 12-55) collecting data on fertility (time to conception) and pregnancy loss. Additional data will include factors believed to be indicators of fertility as determined by questionnaire, blood tests, factors believed to negatively impact fertility, and genetic/epigenetic data that together may provide new targets for understanding oocyte depletion,... more »

This study will focus on the entire cohort (menarche through lifespan) to collect data on general health and wellbeing as well as detailed pregnancy & delivery histories. Activity level will be monitored, specifying any straining associated with either physical activity or occupation. Genetic/epigenetic factors, such as family history of POP or connective tissue disorders will be obtained, as will data on other currently... more »